DNA helicase is an enzyme that plays a critical role in DNA replication. It unwinds the double helix structure of DNA by breaking the hydrogen bonds between the complementary base pairs in the nucleotide strands, exposing the nucleotides and allowing other enzymes to access and copy them.
During DNA replication, the DNA helicase moves along the DNA strand in the 5’ to 3’ direction, separating the two strands and creating a replication fork. The enzyme also helps to stabilize the strands, preventing them from re-forming the double helix structure.
In addition to its role in DNA replication, DNA helicase plays a role in DNA repair, recombination, and transcription. The enzyme can unwind DNA ahead of other enzymes involved in these processes, allowing them to access and modify the DNA as needed.
Overall, DNA helicase is a critical enzyme in maintaining the stability and integrity of the genetic material in all living organisms.
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